The Kingdom of Armenia was a monarchy in the Near East existing between 321 BC and 428 AD. Originally one of the satrapies of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia, it became a kingdom in 321 BC after the conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great. Specifically at this time a Hellenistic Kingdom of the Seleucid Empire. The Kingdom of Armenia reached its peak under Tigranes the Great during the period of the Roman Republics expansion eastwards - however this ended in 69 BC when Rome conquered Armenia. Following the Roman-Parthian wars, Armenia briefly became a province of the Roman Empire under Emperor Trajan as a vassal state. The Kingdom of Armenia played a pivotal role as the frontier territory between the Byzantine Empire to the west and the Sassanid empire to the east.

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